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Impacts of Free-falling Spheres on a Deep Liquid Pool with Altered Fluid and Impactor Surface Conditions

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An alternative linear impactor for impact research.

Poomkarn Taedullayasatit¹, Sitthichok Sitthiracha², Manus Dangchat²

¹Shrewsbury International School Bangkok Riverside, 1922 Charoen Krung Road, Wat Praya Krai, Bang Kholaem, Bangkok 10120, Thailand.

|February 2, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed an affordable, replicable linear impactor for impact research. This accessible hardware enables controlled experiments, advancing the development of protective devices and head injury studies.

Keywords:

Linear impactor Punch simulator Test rig

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Mechanical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Commercial impact testing systems are often prohibitively expensive and complex.
Limited accessibility hinders widespread adoption in research and development.
There is a need for cost-effective and user-friendly impact research tools.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce an affordable and easily replicable linear impactor.
To provide a reliable platform for controlled impact experiments.
To support research in areas like protective device effectiveness and head injury studies.

Main Methods:

A spring-driven ram mechanism strikes a test object.
Instrumentation is integrated for measuring impact responses.
The design is customizable for various test objects and experimental setups.

Main Results:

The developed linear impactor is affordable and replicable.
Performance testing confirmed the system's repeatability and accuracy.
The hardware provides a reliable platform for controlled impact studies.

Conclusions:

This accessible linear impactor facilitates impact research for a broader range of academic and industry groups.
The system aids in the development of safer body protection.
It serves as a valuable tool for further research and development in impact studies.