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Disentangling Links Between Lung Cancer and Infectious Pneumonia via Real-World Data and Integrative Genomics
Yi-Fei Diao1, Zhe Chen2, Yi-Fan Tang3
1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, nju.edu.cn.
Human Mutation
|February 2, 2026
Summary
Lung cancer (LC) significantly increases the risk of developing infectious pneumonia and adverse outcomes. This tumor-driven inflammation challenges the routine cessation of anticancer therapy, necessitating comorbidity-focused treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Genetics
Background:
- Lung cancer (LC) patients frequently experience infectious pneumonia, often leading to treatment interruptions.
- The precise impact of LC on pneumonia development and prognosis remains incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if LC is a critical factor in infectious pneumonia onset and adverse outcomes.
- To explore the causal relationship between LC and pneumonia using Mendelian randomization.
- To identify potential shared therapeutic targets for LC and pneumonia comorbidities.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of two intensive care unit databases for real-world associations.
- Mendelian randomization (MR) to establish causality.
- Post-Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) analyses for comorbidity interactions and drug targets.
Main Results:
- LC identified as an independent risk factor for infectious pneumonia and 28-day mortality.
- MR confirmed causal links between genetically predicted LC and increased pneumonia risk and mortality.
- A strong genetic correlation between LC and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was observed, indicating a two-way interplay in pneumonia progression.
Conclusions:
- Infection-related pulmonary inflammation in LC patients may be partly tumor-driven.
- Findings challenge the routine cessation of anticancer therapy in these patients.
- Comorbidity-oriented treatment strategies, potentially targeting complement and coagulation cascades, are recommended.
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