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Related Concept Videos

Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

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The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral01:16

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral

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The oral stage is the initial phase of Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, occurring from birth to approximately 12 to 18 months. During this period, the infant's mouth serves as the primary source of pleasure, with actions such as sucking, chewing, biting, and drinking playing a crucial role in reducing tension. These activities are essential not only for nourishment but also for the infant's psychological and emotional satisfaction.
Weaning, typically occurring...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

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Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas01:17

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Sulfonylureas

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Sulfonylureas are oral hypoglycemic agents utilized in treating type 2 diabetes. They are characterized by their unique sulfonylurea chemical structure. The family of sulfonylureas is divided into generations. First-generation sulfonylureas, including tolbutamide (Orinase), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), and tolazamide (Tolinase), trigger insulin release from pancreatic β cells and enhance peripheral tissues' insulin sensitivity. The second-generation members, such as glipizide...
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Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes01:15

Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes

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Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Diet type and the oral microbiome.

Daniel Betancur1, Evelyn L Jara2, Celia A Lima3

  • 1Department of Surgical Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|February 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Dietary patterns significantly impact the oral microbiome and systemic health. Plant-rich diets promote microbial balance, while processed foods contribute to oral diseases and inflammation.

Keywords:
caloric restrictiondietlifestyleoral immunologyoral microbiomevegan diet

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Nutritional science
  • Oral health

Background:

  • The oral microbiome is dynamic, influenced by diet, hygiene, and lifestyle.
  • Disruptions to oral microbial homeostasis increase susceptibility to chronic oral diseases.
  • Limited evidence exists on the direct ecological impact of diet on oral microbial communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how dietary patterns mechanistically influence the oral microbiome.
  • To understand the link between diet, oral microbiota, and systemic inflammation or metabolic risk.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of peer-reviewed studies on specific dietary patterns.
  • Qualitative evaluation of studies on caloric restriction, plant-based diets, nitrate/fiber intake, and processed diets.
  • Focus on mechanistic relevance of dietary exposures to oral ecology.

Main Results:

  • Plant-enriched, high-fiber diets, nitrate intake, and caloric restriction correlate with reduced oxidative stress, lower inflammation, and increased microbial diversity.
  • Processed diets can promote metabolic changes that lead to oral dysbiosis and periodontitis.
  • The oral microbiome's ecological stability is influenced by dietary choices.

Conclusions:

  • The diet-oral microbiome-systemic inflammation axis is bidirectional and clinically significant.
  • Understanding direct and indirect dietary effects is crucial for precision nutrition.
  • Strategies maintaining oral microbial balance can mitigate systemic inflammatory risk.