Extravasation of Intravenous Iron: Clinical Features and Therapeutic Considerations

Iron deficiency anemia is a common condition that can be effectively treated with intravenous iron supplementation; however, extravasation during administration represents a relevant adverse effect. This case series presents three patients with varying underlying conditions who experienced iron extravasation following ferric carboxymaltose infusion. The extent and timing of skin discoloration varied, with some patients developing immediate discoloration and others noticing them several days postinfusion. Despite extravasation, two of the three patients demonstrated improvement in their anemia without additional treatment during follow-up. This series highlights the need for preventive strategies, such as careful infusion techniques, patient education, and prompt action when extravasation occurs. Equally important, accurate documentation and continuing education for healthcare professionals are essential to ensure consistent recognition and management. Further studies are required to clarify the impact of extravasation on therapeutic efficacy and to optimize the balance between treatment benefits and potential risks.