Delftia spp as Opportunistic Pathogens: a narrative review

Area of Science:

• Medical Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria are significant healthcare-associated pathogens.
• Delftia species, particularly Delftia acidovorans, are increasingly identified as opportunistic pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and analyze reported cases of Delftia infections.
• To determine the clinical relevance and common manifestations of Delftia infections.
• To identify effective and ineffective antimicrobial treatments for Delftia infections.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of reported Delftia infections.
• Analysis of infection types, associated conditions, and patient demographics.
• Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility data.

Main Results:

• 175 cases of Delftia infections were identified, with Delftia acidovorans accounting for 87.4%.
• Bacteraemia (13.1%), pneumonia (9.8%), sepsis (3.4%), and peritonitis (2.9%) were common.
• Ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem showed efficacy; gentamicin was less effective.

Conclusions:

• Delftia species, despite being historically underestimated, represent a notable cause of opportunistic infections.
• Clinical awareness and accurate diagnostics are crucial for managing Delftia infections.
• Specific antibiotic recommendations include ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and imipenem, with caution advised for gentamicin.