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Limbic-Visual Disintegration and Salience-Control Specialization Characterize Tinnitus Network Topology
Himanshu R Pandey1,2, Amit Keshri3, Neeraj Sinha1,2
1Centre of Bio-Medical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Lucknow, India.
The European Journal of Neuroscience
|February 3, 2026
Summary
Subjective tinnitus (ST) involves specific brain network changes, not global ones. These include altered connectivity in visual, limbic, and salience networks, linked to symptom severity and anxiety.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Medical Imaging
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Subjective tinnitus (ST) is thought to stem from large-scale brain network reorganization.
- The specific brain circuits involved and how they relate to symptom severity remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the precise brain network alterations associated with subjective tinnitus.
- To explore the relationship between tinnitus severity, anxiety, and specific network connectivity patterns.
- To identify potential neuroimaging markers for patient stratification and treatment targeting in ST.
Main Methods:
- Combined resting-state fMRI (graph theory, ROI-to-ROI connectivity) and VBM in 114 participants (57 ST, 57 controls).
- Utilized a harmonized 50-ROI parcellation from the CONN atlas across 15 functional networks.
- Employed multivariate modeling and node-wise analyses, controlling for covariates and multiple comparisons.
Main Results:
- Identified selective, not global, network reorganization in ST patients.
- Observed reduced integration in the left posterior parahippocampal gyrus and increased segregation in frontal/insular hubs.
- Found hyperconnectivity in fronto-salience-language-cerebellar circuits and hypoconnectivity in default mode/dorsal attention pathways.
- Linked higher tinnitus severity to reduced medial visual/limbic integration and increased frontal-temporal opercular connectivity.
- Associated higher anxiety with increased integration in subcallosal/cerebellar/occipito-limbic areas and decreased putamen connectivity.
- VBM revealed widespread white-matter reductions in specific brain regions.
Conclusions:
- Subjective tinnitus is characterized by targeted network reorganization, specifically reduced medial temporal/visual-limbic integration and increased local specialization.
- These findings provide strong evidence for ST reflecting specific circuit alterations rather than global brain changes.
- The identified multimodal, symptom-linked signatures offer actionable circuit markers for clinical applications in ST.
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