Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
Published on: March 20, 2020
Oligometastatic Breast Cancer With Cutaneous Involvement and Paraneoplastic Hypercalcemia in a Young Woman
Marta Viana-Pereira1,2, Cristiana H Martins1, Marta Almeida1
1Medical Oncology, Braga Local Health Unit (ULSB), Braga, PRT.
None:
Cutaneous involvement in breast cancer is typically associated with locally advanced or neglected disease. In young women, such presentations are often associated with a more aggressive biological behavior. We report the case of a woman in her early 40s presenting with a large, cutaneous-involved, hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, right breast cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation. Imaging revealed axillary, supraclavicular, and right cervical lymph node involvement, with no evidence of distant metastasis. Laboratory evaluation at diagnosis demonstrated malignant hypercalcemia refractory to medical treatment. The patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, achieving resolution of hypercalcemia and a significant clinical and radiologic response, followed by surgery, radiotherapy, and adjuvant endocrine therapy. At 24 months post-surgery, the patient remains free of disease. This case underscores the importance of prompt multidisciplinary management in aggressive presentations of breast cancer, even when associated with paraneoplastic syndromes.
Related Concept Videos
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Cancer
What is Cancer?
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of...
Cancer Prevention
Some...
Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

