Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026
06:50
Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices
Published on: July 1, 2016
8.0K
Beyond Sabatier: Multiplicate Spillover Phenomena for Manipulating Catalytic Dynamics in Various Electrocatalysis
Di Wang1, Ziyou Dong1, Qianqian Yao1
1Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|February 3, 2026
Summary
Spillover phenomenon enhances catalysis by enabling active species migration, overcoming Sabatier principle limits. This review covers multi-element spillover in electrocatalysis for sustainable energy technologies.
Area of Science:
- Catalysis
- Surface Science
- Electrocatalysis
Background:
- The Sabatier principle traditionally limits catalyst performance.
- Spillover phenomenon involves dynamic migration of active species across catalyst surfaces.
- This migration offers a route to surpass conventional catalytic limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in multiplicate spillover, including hydrogen, oxygen, hydroxyl, and intermediate spillover.
- To highlight the role of spillover in modulating adsorption, interfacial transport, and catalytic dynamics.
- To summarize spillover-mediated electrocatalytic reactions and assess challenges.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of spillover phenomenon in catalysis.
- Systematic summary of spillover-mediated electrocatalytic reactions.
- Critical assessment of challenges and future directions in spillover systems.
Main Results:
- Recent progress in multiplicate spillover (H, O, OH, intermediates) is highlighted.
- Spillover critically modulates intermediate adsorption, interfacial transport, and catalytic dynamics.
- Various electrocatalytic reactions (HER, OER, CO2RR, NRR, MOR) mediated by spillover are summarized.
Conclusions:
- Spillover-based electrocatalysis shows promise for sustainable energy conversion.
- Rational design of high-performance spillover electrocatalysts is crucial.
- Further research is needed to address current challenges in different spillover systems.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency
21.6K
The turnover number of an enzyme is the maximum number of substrate molecules it can transform per unit time. Turnover numbers for most enzymes range from 1 to 1000 molecules per second. Catalase has the known highest turnover number, capable of converting up to 2.8×106 molecules of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen per second. Lysozyme has the lowest known turnover number of half a molecule per second.
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion....
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion....
21.6K
01:07Catalytically Perfect Enzymes
5.1K
The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.
Most enzymes...
Most enzymes...
5.1K
01:15Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
1.3K
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
1.3K
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
14.1K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
14.1K
01:28Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
5.9K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
5.9K
01:49Multiple Allele Traits
38.1K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
38.1K