The role of non-coding RNAs in Staphylococcus aureus infections: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic implications

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play crucial roles in regulating the host's response to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections. These ncRNAs are involved in various biological processes, including immune regulation, inflammation, tissue repair, and apoptosis, and their dysregulation often contributes to the severity of S. aureus-induced diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of ncRNAs in controlling both innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as their potential as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Additionally, ncRNAs are emerging as promising therapeutic targets, especially in light of the growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). However, while ncRNAs show great promise in improving treatment outcomes, much remains to be understood about their exact mechanisms in S. aureus pathogenesis. Further research into ncRNA-based therapeutic strategies is crucial to developing novel approaches for combating S. aureus infections and addressing the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance. This review emphasizes the potential of ncRNAs in S. aureus infections and their application in future therapeutic interventions.