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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
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VILOD: Combining Visual Interactive Labeling With Active Learning for Object Detection.

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    Creating high-quality annotated datasets for object detection (OD) models is challenging. A new tool, VILOD, uses interactive visualizations and active learning (AL) to improve dataset creation efficiency and model performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Computer Science
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Machine Learning

    Background:

    • High-quality annotated datasets are crucial for training robust object detection (OD) models.
    • Current methods for dataset creation often face limitations in scale and quality.
    • Active Learning (AL) offers a promising approach to optimize annotation efforts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce VILOD, a Visual Interactive Labeling tool designed for efficient OD annotation.
    • To integrate Active Learning (AL) with interactive visualizations for a Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) workflow.
    • To enable expert users to implement strategic, visually guided labeling strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of VILOD, a novel interactive labeling tool.
    • Integration of AL with interactive visualizations for transparent and steerable annotation.
    • Comparative case studies evaluating visually guided strategies against automated AL baselines.

    Main Results:

    • Visually guided labeling strategies, particularly a balanced human-guided approach, outperformed the automated AL baseline.
    • VILOD's visual cues facilitated synthesis of data structure and model uncertainty information.
    • The human-guided strategy achieved the highest overall OD model performance.

    Conclusions:

    • Interactive, visually guided annotation significantly enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of OD dataset creation.
    • VILOD empowers expert users to develop superior labeling strategies.
    • Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) workflows augmented with visual intelligence are key for advancing OD model training.