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Investigating the Relationship Between Food, Housing, and Transportation Insecurity and Chronic Disease Among US
Kobi V Ajayi1, Samia Tasnim1, Ping Ma2
1Center for Community Health and Aging, Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP
|February 4, 2026
Summary
Social determinants of health like food, housing, and transportation insecurity significantly increase chronic conditions in US women. Addressing these social factors is crucial for improving women's health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Equity
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly impact health outcomes.
- Understanding the link between SDOH and chronic conditions in women is vital for targeted interventions.
- Prevalence of chronic conditions like hypertension and mental illness is high among US women.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between social determinants of health (SDOH) and chronic conditions (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, anxiety/depression) in adult US women.
- To quantify the impact of food, housing, and transportation insecurity on the prevalence of these chronic conditions.
- To identify potential sex-related health inequities influenced by SDOH.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional survey design utilizing data from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS).
- Analysis included 3535 adult women (≥18 years) from the U.S.
- Weighted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess associations between insecurities and chronic conditions, controlling for sociodemographics.
Main Results:
- Hypertension (35.4%) and anxiety/depression (33.4%) were the most prevalent chronic conditions.
- Nearly 27% of women experienced all three forms of insecurity (food, housing, transportation) concurrently.
- All three insecurities significantly increased the odds of reporting any chronic condition, with housing insecurity nearly doubling the odds (AOR = 2.44).
Conclusions:
- A strong association exists between SDOH and chronic conditions among women.
- Food, housing, and transportation insecurity are significant predictors of chronic disease diagnosis in women.
- Targeted policies and interventions addressing SDOH are necessary to reduce health inequities and improve women's health.
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