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Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
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Verbal Versus Structured Education Impact on Anxiety and Satisfaction During Uroflowmetry: A RCT.

Ramna Nadeem1, Nuzhat Faruqui1, Muhammad Hummam Siddique1

  • 1Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Neurourology and Urodynamics
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Structured education, including brochures, significantly improved patient understanding and satisfaction during uroflowmetry (UFM) compared to verbal counseling alone. This approach enhanced comfort and expectations regarding privacy for patients undergoing UFM.

Keywords:
anxietypatient educationsatisfactionstructured informationuroflowmetry

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Patient Education
  • Medical Psychology

Background:

  • Uroflowmetry (UFM) is a primary diagnostic tool for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).
  • Patient anxiety and dissatisfaction with UFM can arise from a lack of procedural understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of structured versus verbal education in reducing anxiety during UFM.
  • To assess the impact of different educational approaches on patient satisfaction with UFM.

Main Methods:

  • A single-blind, randomized controlled trial involving 148 patients undergoing UFM.
  • Patients were assigned to either a structured (brochure) or verbal counseling group.
  • Anxiety was measured using the modified Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS-M); satisfaction was assessed via a validated questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • While overall anxiety scores were not significantly different, structured education led to significant reductions in specific anxiety components like worry and intrusive thoughts.
  • Patients receiving structured education reported higher satisfaction with the information provided and ease of using UFM equipment.
  • The structured education group also expressed greater satisfaction with privacy measures during the procedure.

Conclusions:

  • Structured educational interventions, such as brochures, are effective in enhancing patient understanding, comfort, and privacy expectations during UFM.
  • Compared to verbal counseling, structured education demonstrates a significant positive impact on patient experience and satisfaction with UFM.