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Exploring Canadian Occupational Therapists' Perceptions on Health Disparities: An Interpretative Descriptive Study.

Ronessa Dass, Deedee Begin, Stephanie Di Pelino

    Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. Revue Canadienne D'Ergotherapie
    |February 5, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Canadian occupational therapists recognize health equity as a core principle but face systemic barriers in addressing health disparities. The study suggests integrating health equity into practice, advocacy, and workforce strategies.

    Keywords:
    Compétence culturelleCultural competencyCultural humilityDiversityEquityInclusiondiversitéhumilité culturelleinclusionéquité

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    Area of Science:

    • Health Equity
    • Occupational Therapy
    • Social Determinants of Health

    Background:

    • Many Canadians face health disparities in healthcare access.
    • Occupational therapy historically advocates for health equity but is rooted in colonial systems perpetuating disparities.
    • Understanding occupational therapists' perspectives on addressing health disparities is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore how Canadian occupational therapists perceive challenges and opportunities in addressing health disparities.
    • To identify key themes related to health equity within occupational therapy practice in Canada.

    Main Methods:

    • Interpretative descriptive methodology.
    • Criterion and snowball sampling across Canada.
    • Semistructured individual interviews analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

    Main Results:

    • 11 occupational therapists participated (1 male, 10 female).
    • Four themes emerged: health equity as a core principle, systemic barriers impacting care, occupational therapists as advocates, and workforce considerations for health disparities.
    • Systemic barriers significantly affect the delivery and access of equity-focused care.

    Conclusions:

    • Occupational therapy faces both successes and challenges in tackling health disparities.
    • The study offers actionable suggestions for advancing health equity in the field.
    • Findings have implications for research, practice, and policy, aligning with Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists initiatives.