Citrus-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles Attenuate High-Fat Diet-Aggravated Colitis by Gut Microbiota-Metabolites...

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Nutrition Science
• Immunology

Background:

• High-fat diets (HFD) are linked to increased intestinal inflammation and colitis.
• Developing effective dietary interventions for HFD-aggravated colitis is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the therapeutic potential of citrus-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (CELNs) in ameliorating HFD-induced colitis.
• To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of CELN action in the gut.

Main Methods:

• Evaluation of CELNs as a dietary intervention in a colitis model.
• Assessment of disease activity, colon length, and immune organ index.
• Analysis of gut barrier integrity markers (occludin, ZO-1), oxidative stress, and inflammatory signaling.
• Microbiota profiling and analysis of metabolic pathways including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, indole derivatives, and branched-chain amino acids.

Main Results:

• CELNs significantly improved HFD-aggravated colitis indicators.
• CELNs restored gut barrier integrity by upregulating occludin and ZO-1.
• CELNs suppressed oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory signaling.
• CELNs modulated gut microbiota composition, enriching beneficial bacteria like Faecalibaculum and Bacteroides.
• CELNs normalized metabolic pathways, increasing beneficial short-chain fatty acids and indole derivatives, and reshaping bile acid profiles.

Conclusions:

• CELNs represent a potent dietary strategy for treating metabolic-inflammatory gut diseases.
• CELNs effectively rectify gut dysbiosis and associated metabolic disorders.
• CELNs strengthen the intestinal barrier and suppress inflammation, offering a promising therapeutic approach.