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Acupuncture as a complex adaptive system: A theoretical reflection on therapeutic effectiveness and emergent healing

Salvador Quiroz-González1, Erika Elizabeth Rodríguez-Torres2

  • 1Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, State University of Ecatepec Valley, Ecatepec State of México, Mexico.

Explore (New York, N.Y.)
|February 5, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
AcupunctureComplex adaptive systemsEmergent effectivenessPatient expectationSystems theoryTherapeutic alliance

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