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A tutorial on developing metric tools for sample preparation: from green towards sustainable.

Lorenzo Sanjuan-Navarro1, Juan Luís Benedé2, Soledad Rubio3

  • 1MINTOTA Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, 46100, Spain.

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Summary

Current sample preparation metrics need enhancement for sustainability. New tools must integrate analytical, environmental, and practical factors for robust, real-world application in analytical sciences.

Keywords:
Extractive materialsGreennessMetric toolsMicroextraction techniquesSample preparationSustainability

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Existing metric tools for sample preparation are valuable but insufficient for the growing sustainability demands in Analytical Sciences.
  • Current metrics do not fully encompass all dimensions needed for a comprehensive assessment of sample preparation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To encourage the evolution of advanced metric tools for sample preparation.
  • To guide the design of new metrics by identifying key parameters and principles.
  • To address the need for metrics that integrate environmental, analytical, and practical dimensions within a sustainability framework.

Main Methods:

  • Overview and reflection on evaluation parameters and design principles for metric tools.
  • Examination of solvents and sorbents using analytical performance, green, and market-related criteria through case studies.
  • Evaluation of Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) and Liquid-Phase Microextraction (LPME) using current metric tools.

Main Results:

  • Current metric tools present challenges when applied to techniques like SPME and LPME.
  • There is a clear need for improved metrics that can contextualize outcomes within complex analytical problems.
  • Solvents and sorbents require evaluation based on integrated criteria for effective tool development.

Conclusions:

  • Metric tools for sample preparation must advance to integrate environmental, analytical, and practical dimensions.
  • Future tools should offer greater robustness, relevance, and applicability in real analytical scenarios.
  • Guidance is provided for researchers and developers to create more effective sample preparation evaluation tools.