[Alert to ocular surface infectious diseases caused by close human-animal contact]

With the increasing popularization and diversification of animal keeping and the closer relationships between humans and animals, there has been a significant upward trend in the incidence of ocular surface infectious diseases caused by close human-animal contact. However, clinical awareness of such diseases remains insufficient, and the current state of diagnosis and treatment is far from satisfactory. This article thoroughly explores the urgent need for improved clinical understanding and considerations and recommendations for refining the diagnostic and therapeutic system and strategies of this kind of infectious diseases, including the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors, challenges in the differential diagnosis, and the improvement and establishment of standardized diagnosis and treatment protocols and prevention strategies. We propose that clinical vigilance should be enhanced to improve early diagnostic awareness, personalized prevention strategies should be developed to strengthen the interruption of transmission routes, and multicenter studies and multidisciplinary collaboration should be promoted to advance the standardized diagnosis and treatment. The aim is to guide clinical practice in providing more timely and effective medical interventions for affected patients, ultimately realizing the vision of harmonious coexistence between humans and animals.