Delay dynamics within the neuroglial electromagnetic coupling system

Building upon our prior introduction of the Delay concept within a neuron-astrocyte electromagnetic coupling system, this study provides a deeper investigation into this phenomenon. The focus is on a specific time interval, termed Delay, which occurs after the cessation of external stimuli. During this period, neurons continue their firing activity before transitioning to a resting state. We initially elucidate that the prolonged neuronal firing, termed Delay, originates from astrocytic involvement rather than magnetic effects. Moreover, the periodic calcium activity of astrocytes can periodically induce the occurrence of neuronal Delay. Finally, we provide a thorough analysis of the duration and structural composition of the neuron Delay induced by astrocytes. The significance of our findings lies in the potential functional role of the Delay phase in the modulation and processing of neural information. Our findings offer a novel perspective on the complex dynamics governing the transition from active firing to resting in neurons, thereby enhancing the understanding of neural response and adaptability.