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Polynomial state estimation of quaternion-valued fuzzy memristive neural networks

Ruoxia Li1, Ning Shi1, Qun Huang2

  • 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062 China.

Cognitive Neurodynamics
|August 12, 2026
PubMed

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For a simple pendulum with a mass evenly distributed along its length and the center of mass located at half the pendulum's length, the...
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Transfer Function to State Space01:23

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State-space representation is a powerful tool for simulating physical systems on digital computers, necessitating the conversion of the transfer function into state-space form. Consider an nth-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients, like those encountered in an RLC circuit. The state variables are selected as the output and its n−1 derivatives. Differentiating these variables and substituting them back into the original equation produces the state equations.
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