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Updated: Feb 8, 2026
10:39
3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
Published on: June 2, 2014
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Unveiling Resting-State Functional Connectivity Patterns in Patients With Migraine: A REFORM Study
Roberta Messina1,2,3, Rune Hackert Christensen1,4,5, Håkan Ashina1,5
1Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
Neurology
|February 6, 2026
Summary
Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) alterations in the middle cingulate cortex and occipital regions are specific to migraine. These findings suggest altered cingulate-occipital rs-FC may be a potential biomarker for migraine.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Neuroscience
- Medical Research
Background:
- Previous fMRI studies on migraine have limitations including small sample sizes and suboptimal statistical methods.
- A large, well-characterized sample is needed to distinguish migraine-specific neurobiological changes from those related to subtypes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) alterations specific to migraine compared to healthy controls.
- To investigate whether these rs-FC alterations differ across migraine subtypes.
Main Methods:
- 264 adults with migraine and 151 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI).
- Multi-voxel pattern and seed-based analyses were used to compare rs-FC between groups.
- Statistical analyses included general linear models and ANCOVA with Bonferroni correction (p<0.001).
Main Results:
- Significant rs-FC differences were found in the bilateral middle cingulate cortex when comparing migraineurs to HCs.
- Migraineurs showed increased rs-FC between the middle cingulate cortex and occipital regions compared to HCs.
- These cingulate-occipital rs-FC alterations were consistent across migraine subtypes.
Conclusions:
- Altered rs-FC between the middle cingulate cortex and occipital regions may be a migraine-specific trait.
- This suggests an integration of nociceptive and visual processing in migraine.
- Altered cingulate-occipital rs-FC could serve as a potential biomarker for migraine.
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