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Updated: Feb 9, 2026
A Freeze-Thawing Method to Prepare Chitosan-Polyvinyl alcohol Hydrogels Without Crosslinking Agents and Diflunisal Release Studies
Published on: January 14, 2020
Polydopamine-functionalized cellulose nanofibrils with Ag deposition for robust poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel strain
Qianqian Wang1, Shixuan Feng2, Lin Zhong2
1Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Yan'an, 716000, China.
None:
Hydrogels are promising candidates for soft, skin-conformable strain sensors in wearable electronics and personalized health monitoring devices, yet simultaneously achieving high mechanical robustness, stable conductivity, strong adhesion, and antibacterial activity remains challenging. Here, we report a multifunctional poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel strain sensor reinforced by polydopamine/silver-decorated cellulose nanofibrils (PDA@CNF-Ag) prepared via freeze-thaw process. The synthesized PDA@CNF-Ag is uniformly dispersed within the PVA matrix, forming a mechanically percolated three-dimensional network that reinforces the hydrogel and establishes efficient conductive pathways. Consequently, the PVA-PDA/CNF-Ag-0.5 hydrogel exhibits a conductivity of 17 mS·m-1, a stretchability of 536%, and a tensile strength of 60 kPa. As a strain sensor, it shows high sensitivity (GF = 2.1), stable signal responses over 300 cycles, and reliable detection of both large and subtle human motions, together with strong, repeatable adhesion and robust antibacterial activity. This bio-based conductive hydrogel offers a robust platform for human-motion monitoring in next-generation wearable electronics.
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