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XOR-Logic Phase Coding Programmable Metasurface for Low Power-Consumption Systems.

Ruichao Zhu¹, Sai Sui¹, Junyan Dai²

¹Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Artificially-Structured Functional Materials and Devices, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|February 8, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an XOR-logic phase coding programmable metasurface, simplifying biasing networks from m×n to m+n. This innovation significantly reduces power consumption for dynamic electromagnetic wave manipulation.

Keywords:

XOR logic low power consumption phase coding programmable metasurface wireless communications

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Area of Science:

Metamaterials and Nanophotonics
Electromagnetic Wave Manipulation
Intelligent Systems

Background:

Programmable metasurfaces are key for dynamic electromagnetic wave control.
Traditional metasurfaces require complex biasing networks (m×n) leading to high power consumption.
Independent control of meta-atoms is crucial for real-time reprogrammable functions.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel XOR-logic phase coding programmable metasurface.
To reduce the complexity of biasing networks and power consumption.
To demonstrate reprogrammable functions like beam scanning and multi-beam scattering.

Main Methods:

Utilized Pancharatnam-Berry meta-atoms loaded with two PIN diodes for XOR-logic phase coding.
Implemented a row-column control scheme for m+n biasing lines.
Designed, fabricated, and tested a prototype metasurface.

Main Results:

Achieved a reduced biasing network complexity from m×n to m+n.
Demonstrated significant reduction in power consumption.
Verified reprogrammable beam scanning and multi-beam scattering functions through simulations and measurements.

Conclusions:

The proposed XOR-logic metasurface offers a simplified architecture and low power consumption.
This technology is suitable for intelligent systems like next-generation wireless communication, IoT, and radar.
Presents a new paradigm for programmable metasurfaces with practical advantages.