Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Oral Administration of Rotenone using a Gavage and Image Analysis of Alpha-synuclein Inclusions in the Enteric Nervous System
11:53

Oral Administration of Rotenone using a Gavage and Image Analysis of Alpha-synuclein Inclusions in the Enteric Nervous System

Published on: October 26, 2010

17.7K

Oral adverse events associated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapies: using a large real-world dataset

Stella O Oyewole1, Adetokunbo B Olawuyi2, Osariemen Okhuaihesuyi3

  • 1Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
|February 8, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-α) therapies are linked to increased oral adverse events like mucosal and infectious disorders. However, these treatments may surprisingly reduce the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-α) therapies are crucial for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
  • Long-term anti-TNF-α use is associated with adverse events, necessitating understanding of oral adverse events (OAEs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spectrum and frequency of OAEs in patients using anti-TNF-α therapies.
  • To compare the incidence of OAEs between anti-TNF-α users and non-users.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX research network over 5 years.
  • Exclusion of patients with prior oral conditions, concurrent cancer therapies, or antiresorptive exposure.
  • Propensity score matching (1:1, age/sex) to compare anti-TNF-α users with unexposed controls.

Main Results:

  • Anti-TNF-α therapy was associated with increased odds of mucosal and infectious OAEs (e.g., oral lichenoid lesions, candidiasis, xerostomia).
  • Oral lichen planus showed no association with anti-TNF-α therapy.
  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) showed an inverse association (OR=0.75, P < .0001), suggesting a potential protective effect.

Conclusions:

  • Routine oral health surveillance is essential for patients on anti-TNF-α therapies.
  • Robust pharmacovigilance is crucial to monitor OAEs associated with anti-TNF-α use.

More Related Videos

The Clinical Application of Tumor Treating Fields Therapy in Glioblastoma08:00

The Clinical Application of Tumor Treating Fields Therapy in Glioblastoma

Published on: April 16, 2019

19.3K
Development and Maintenance of a Preclinical Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for the Investigation of Novel Anti-Cancer Therapies09:29

Development and Maintenance of a Preclinical Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for the Investigation of Novel Anti-Cancer Therapies

Published on: September 30, 2016

14.4K

Related Concept Videos

Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
6.6K
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
815
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
3.2K
Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
4.2K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
825
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
853