[Construction of Ecological Security Pattern in Henan Province Based on MSPA， Circuit Theory， and Space Syntax]

To construct an ecological security pattern for Henan Province to support regional ecological protection and sustainable development， a comprehensive analysis of the landscape elements in Henan Province was conducted using morphological spatial pattern analysis （MSPA）， circuit theory， and space syntax. By identifying key elements such as ecological sources， corridors， pinch points， and obstacles and evaluating the morphological structure characteristics of the ecological network， critical spaces requiring priority restoration were determined. The results indicated that： ① The total area of landscape types in Henan Province was 32 066 km²， accounting for 19.20% of the study area， with core areas covering 23 095 km²， or 13.83%. When the area threshold was ≥3 km²， 380 ecological sources were identified， occupying 12.96% of the total study area， mainly concentrated in the western， central， and southern regions. ② Based on circuit theory， 1 139 ecological corridors were extracted， with a total length of 18 206.68 km， including 504 important， 403 secondary important， and 232 general corridors. Additionally， 316 ecological pinch points （located at the junctions of corridors and sources） and 290 ecological obstacles （distributed along corridors） were identified. ③ It is recommended to prioritize the restoration of 109 ecological obstacles in the northern and eastern regions， with a total restoration area of 1 387.19 km². ④ Ultimately， an ecological security pattern of "one belt， two verticals， three screens， four corridors， and multiple nodes" was constructed. This pattern and its key elements fully reflect the actual characteristics of Henan Province's ecosystem， and the proposed restoration strategies provide scientific basis and practical guidance for regional ecological protection and sustainable development.