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A polyaniline-based ECL cytosensor for sensitive detection of circulating tumor cells.

Yongqi Zhang1, Tiantong Wu1, Chen Yan1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (LoFE) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China. iammxli@njupt.edu.cn.

Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods and Applications
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PubMed
Summary

A novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) cytosensor using polyaniline nanofibers enhances circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection. This platform offers sensitive and specific identification of cancer cells in blood, aiding early diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are crucial biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
  • The low abundance and heterogeneity of CTCs present significant challenges for detection.
  • Existing CTC detection platforms require improvement in sensitivity and specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance electrochemiluminescence (ECL) cytosensor for sensitive and specific detection of CTCs.
  • To leverage a unique polyaniline (PANI) substrate and dual-aptamer recognition for enhanced CTC capture.
  • To utilize hybridization chain reaction (HCR) for signal amplification in CTC quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an ECL cytosensor using electrodeposited polyaniline (PANI) with a reticular fibrous architecture.
  • Integration of dual-aptamer recognition targeting CTC surface proteins (e.g., MUC1).
  • Application of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) for signal amplification and a signal probe (SA@Ru-M1) for detection.

Main Results:

  • The PANI substrate accelerated electron transfer and enhanced cell capture efficiency.
  • The cytosensor achieved a wide linear range (10^2 to 10^6 cells/mL) for model CTCs (MCF-7).
  • A low detection limit of 31 cells/mL (S/N = 3) was obtained, approaching single-cell detection.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ECL cytosensor demonstrates high performance for CTC detection.
  • The PANI nanostructure and dual-aptamer strategy significantly improve sensitivity and capture efficiency.
  • This platform shows great potential for biological detection and clinical diagnosis of cancer.