A novel approach for discriminating lipophilic bisphosphonate-based pharmaceuticals using a potentiometric array

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Pharmaceutical Science

Background:

• Bisphosphonates are vital pharmaceuticals for treating bone diseases like osteoporosis.
• Accurate assessment of bisphosphonate lipophilicity is essential for understanding their behavior and efficacy.
• Existing methods for lipophilicity determination may require improvement for complex pharmaceutical analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a sensor array for evaluating bisphosphonate lipophilicity.
• To investigate the impact of sensor design, specifically polyaniline (PANI) modification, on membrane properties.
• To differentiate various bisphosphonates based on their lipophilicity profiles.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-based ion-selective membranes (ISMs) modified with a polyaniline (PANI) layer.
• Analysis of bisphosphonate lipophilicity using the developed sensor array in standard and commercial samples.
• Characterization of membrane surface properties via surface-wetting, SEM-EDS, and potentiometry.
• Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for data interpretation and bisphosphonate discrimination.

Main Results:

• The PANI-modified ISMs demonstrated effectiveness in evaluating bisphosphonate lipophilicity.
• Membrane composition and PANI deposition conditions significantly influenced surface properties and signal stability.
• Surface-wetting, SEM-EDS, and potentiometry confirmed the impact of PANI on membrane characteristics.
• PCA successfully discriminated among different bisphosphonates (ibandronate, clodronate, risedronate, alendronate) based on lipophilicity.

Conclusions:

• The developed sensor array provides a robust method for assessing bisphosphonate lipophilicity.
• Polyaniline modification offers a tunable approach to enhance sensor performance for pharmaceutical analysis.
• This lipophilicity-based discrimination method holds promise for quality control and characterization of bisphosphonate drugs.