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Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

The Synapse

The Synapse

Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.

Color Vision

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.

Alkyl Halides

Alkyl Halides

Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...

Electrical Synapses

Electrical Synapses

Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...

Chemical Synapses

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

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Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

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Biomimetic Synapses Based on Halide Perovskites for Neuromorphic Vision Computing: Materials, Devices, and

Zhongwen Sun^1,2, Xuan Zhao^1,2, Haonan Si^3,4

¹Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.

Nano-Micro Letters

|February 9, 2026

Summary

Neuromorphic vision computing utilizes biomimetic synapses for energy-efficient processing of visual data. Halide perovskite materials show promise for developing these advanced synaptic devices.

Keywords:

Biomimetic synapses Neuromorphic devices Neuromorphic vision computing Perovskites

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Published on: September 8, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Computer Engineering
Neuroscience

Background:

Increasing visual data demands energy-efficient processing.
Conventional computing architectures struggle with large-scale sensory data.
Neuromorphic computing offers a solution by integrating computation with sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

Review recent advancements in halide perovskite-based synaptic devices.
Explore their application in neuromorphic vision computing.
Discuss challenges and future directions for biomimetic perovskite synapses.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on halide perovskite synaptic devices.
Analysis of operating mechanisms of perovskite synapses.
Discussion of potential applications in neuromorphic vision systems.

Main Results:

Halide perovskites exhibit suitable properties for biomimetic synapses.
Perovskite synapses demonstrate potential for synaptic weight modulation.
These devices are promising for energy-efficient neuromorphic vision computing.

Conclusions:

Biomimetic perovskite synapses are crucial for advancing neuromorphic vision computing.
Further research is needed to overcome current challenges.
Perovskite materials offer a promising pathway for next-generation computing hardware.