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The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

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Continuously trapped matter-wave interferometry in magic Floquet-Bloch band structures.

Xiao Chai¹, Eber Nolasco-Martinez¹, Xuanwei Liang¹

¹Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.

Nature Communications

|February 9, 2026

Summary

We developed a noise-tolerant Floquet-engineered platform for trapped atom interferometry, enabling compact and precise quantum force sensing. This robust system overcomes limitations of traditional free-fall methods.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Atomic physics
Precision measurement

Background:

Trapped matter-wave interferometry promises compact force sensors but suffers from trap-induced noise.
Traditional free-fall atom interferometers lack trap noise but are less compact.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an intrinsically noise-tolerant platform for continuously trapped atom interferometry.
To demonstrate a quantum force sensor robust against trap noise.

Main Methods:

Utilized position-space Bloch oscillations of a degenerate quantum gas in an amplitude-modulated optical lattice.
Engineered Floquet-Bloch band structures with Landau-Zener beamsplitters and Bragg mirrors.
Identified and characterized "magic band structures" for noise insensitivity.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a Mach-Zehnder interferometric force sensor based on Floquet-engineered bands.
Achieved noise insensitivity to lattice intensity fluctuations via magic band structures.
Showcased programmable interferometer designs with tunable, compact, and robust characteristics.

Conclusions:

Floquet-engineered platforms offer a promising solution for noise-tolerant trapped atom interferometry.
This technique enables the development of advanced quantum force sensors with enhanced stability and versatility.