Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Enzyme Kinetics

104.4K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
104.4K
Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

95.2K
Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
95.2K
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

86.8K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
86.8K
Enzyme Inhibition01:30

Enzyme Inhibition

92.8K
Inhibitors are molecules that reduce enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme. In a normally functioning cell, enzymes are regulated by a variety of inhibitors. Drugs and other toxins can also inhibit enzymes. Some inhibitors bind to the enzyme’s active site, while others inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to other sites on the protein structure.
92.8K
Introduction to Enzymes01:22

Introduction to Enzymes

32.5K
The use of enzymes by humans dates to 7000 BCE. Humans first used enzymes to ferment sugars and produce alcohol without knowing that this was an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Wilhelm Kuhne coined the term 'enzyme' in 1877 from the Greek words ‘en’ meaning ‘in’ or ‘within’ and ‘zyme’ meaning ‘yeast.’
Most enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed. Enzymes contain one or more active sites that...
32.5K
Restriction Enzymes01:11

Restriction Enzymes

36.3K
Restriction enzymes are bacterial enzymes used to cut DNA in a sequence-specific manner. To cleave DNA, they bind to specific palindromic sequences called restriction sites. Such palindromic DNA sequences or inverted repeats are commonly found in regions of functional significance, such as the origin of replication, gene operator sites, and regions containing transcription termination signals.
The host bacteria protect their own genomic DNA from these enzymes by methylating these sites. Some...
36.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Erratum for Sengupta et al., "Antenna Modification in a Fast-Growing Cyanobacterium <i>Synechococcus elongatus</i> UTEX 2973 Leads to Improved Efficiency and Carbon-Neutral Productivity".

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same author

A Comment on "Deep Proteogenomics of a Photosynthetic Cyanobacterium".

Journal of proteome research·2026
Same author

NsrM (All0345) and NsrX (Alr1976), two FurC (PerR)-targeted transcriptional regulators, modulate nitrogen metabolism and heterocyst differentiation genes in the cyanobacterium <i>Anabaena</i> sp. strain PCC 7120.

Microbiology spectrum·2025
Same author

Spectroscopic Investigations of Excitation Energy Dissipation in the CP43 Preassembly Complexes of Photosystem II Embedded in Clear Native Gel.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2025
Same author

Investigation of the <i>Cyanothece</i> nitrogenase cluster in <i>Synechocystis</i>: a blueprint for engineering nitrogen-fixing photoautotrophs.

mBio·2025
Same author

Developing an alternative medium for in-space biomanufacturing.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors
09:45

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Published on: April 27, 2017

11.2K

Cyanobacterial Biofertilizer Production by Guanidine-Producing Enzymes.

Hakyung Lee1,2, Jacob Sebesta1, Eric Schaedig1

  • 1Bioscience Center, National Laboratory of the Rockies, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.

ACS Synthetic Biology
|February 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Cyanobacteria can be genetically engineered to produce guanidine, a key component of slow-release biofertilizers. This approach offers an eco-friendly alternative to conventional nitrogen fertilizers, reducing environmental impact.

More Related Videos

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules
06:00

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules

Published on: June 11, 2018

7.4K
Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species
11:45

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species

Published on: May 29, 2016

12.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors
09:45

Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

Published on: April 27, 2017

11.2K
Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules
06:00

Determination of the Settling Rate of Clay/Cyanobacterial Floccules

Published on: June 11, 2018

7.4K
Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species
11:45

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species

Published on: May 29, 2016

12.7K

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Agricultural Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Conventional nitrogen fertilizers pose environmental and energy challenges.
  • Cyanobacteria offer a sustainable, light-driven approach to nitrogen and carbon fixation.
  • Genetic engineering of cyanobacteria for guanidine production is a promising biofertilizer strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline strategies for enhancing cyanobacterial guanidine production for biofertilizer applications.
  • To identify research opportunities within a Design-Build-Test-Learn framework for cyanobacterial biofertilizers.
  • To address limitations in understanding cyanobacterial guanidine metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis to discover novel guanidine-producing enzymes.
  • Metabolic studies to understand substrate utilization and identify constraints.
  • Investigation of guanidine sensing and export mechanisms in cyanobacteria.

Main Results:

  • Enzymatic guanidine production has been demonstrated in cyanobacteria.
  • Limited understanding of cyanobacterial guanidine metabolism currently exists.
  • Key areas for development include enzyme discovery, substrate utilization, and guanidine export.

Conclusions:

  • Cyanobacterial guanidine production presents a viable, eco-friendly biofertilizer alternative.
  • Further research into cyanobacterial metabolism and genetic engineering is crucial for optimizing biofertilizer production.
  • This approach can lead to advanced nitrogen biofertilizer strategies for sustainable agriculture.