Mpox in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement Detention Facilities during 2022 Global Outbreak

Carlo Foppiano Palacios1, Mark A Travassos2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cooper University Healthcare and Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey.

Insights

Mpox testing in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers revealed a 28.6% positivity rate among seven detainees. Limited testing may have missed additional mpox cases, highlighting the need for better resources in detention facilities.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers are recognized as potential hotspots for infectious disease transmission.
  • The 2022 global mpox outbreak underscored the need to monitor infectious diseases within detention settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mpox cases among ICE detainees during the 2022 global outbreak.
  • To assess the prevalence of mpox and evaluate testing and treatment practices within ICE facilities.

Main Methods:

  • A Freedom of Information Act request was submitted for mpox testing data from January to November 2022.
  • Data analysis focused on demographic and clinical information of tested detainees across five facilities in Texas, Arizona, and New Jersey.

Main Results:

  • Seven detainees were tested for mpox across five facilities.
  • Two detainees tested positive, resulting in a 28.6% positivity rate.
  • One detainee received antiviral treatment; limited mpox testing suggests potential underdiagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Infectious disease surveillance and resource allocation for mpox testing, treatment, and prevention are critical in ICE detention facilities.
  • Addressing the potential for missed cases is essential to control mpox spread among migrant populations.
  • Enhanced public health measures are necessary to mitigate infectious disease risks within detention centers.

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