Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

6.0K
Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
6.0K
Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

8.3K
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
8.3K
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

5.6K
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
5.6K
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

8.0K
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
8.0K
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails01:05

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

3.4K
Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
The main components of a nail include the following.
Nail Plate: The nail plate is the visible portion of the nail that extends beyond the fingertips or toes. It is a hard, translucent...
3.4K
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

3.8K
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mastering particle size analysis: lessons, challenges, and future directions from the FDA-CRCG workshop.

AAPS open·2026
Same author

Minimizing in Source Fragmentation for Mass Spectrometry Based NDSRI Analytical Procedures: A Case Study of Nitroso-bumetanide.

The AAPS journal·2026
Same author

Reanalysis of Plasma Samples Collected from a CRO Reveals Possible Patterns of Bioanalytical Misconduct.

The AAPS journal·2025
Same author

Advanced Manufacturing, Modeling And Analytical Tools In Injectable Products.

Pharmaceutical research·2025
Same author

Development and Validation of a Headspace GC-MS Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Antimicrobial Preservatives in Biopharmaceutical Peptide Formulations.

Biomedical chromatography : BMC·2024
Same author

A headspace GC-MS method to quantify nitrosamine impurities and precursors in drug products: Method validation and product testing.

Biomedical chromatography : BMC·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

An In Vitro Skin Irritation Test SIT using the EpiDerm Reconstructed Human Epidermal RHE Model
21:16

An In Vitro Skin Irritation Test SIT using the EpiDerm Reconstructed Human Epidermal RHE Model

Published on: July 13, 2009

69.1K

In Vitro Permeation Testing of Sunscreens using Reconstructed Human Skin versus Human Cadaver Skin Models.

Kartik R Roy1, Apipa Wanasathop1,2, Lijing Xu1

  • 1Office of Pharmaceutical Quality Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD20993, WO64-1032, USA.

AAPS Pharmscitech
|February 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Reconstructed human skin (RHS) offers a reliable alternative for in vitro permeation testing (IVPT). EpiDermFT (RHS with dermal layers) provides consistent results comparable to human cadaver skin (HCS).

Keywords:
IVPTskin modelskin permeationsunscreen

More Related Videos

The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression
11:02

The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression

Published on: August 3, 2011

50.9K
Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
09:14

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 7, 2019

16.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

An In Vitro Skin Irritation Test SIT using the EpiDerm Reconstructed Human Epidermal RHE Model
21:16

An In Vitro Skin Irritation Test SIT using the EpiDerm Reconstructed Human Epidermal RHE Model

Published on: July 13, 2009

69.1K
The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression
11:02

The Three-Dimensional Human Skin Reconstruct Model: a Tool to Study Normal Skin and Melanoma Progression

Published on: August 3, 2011

50.9K
Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
09:14

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 7, 2019

16.9K

Area of Science:

  • Dermal drug delivery and formulation science.
  • Biomaterials and tissue engineering.
  • Pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism.

Background:

  • In vitro permeation testing (IVPT) is crucial for topical product development and regulatory assessment.
  • Excised human skin (EHS) and human cadaver skin (HCS) are common diffusion barriers in IVPT.
  • Limited EHS supply and HCS donor variability pose challenges for consistent IVPT results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate reconstructed human skin (RHS) as a viable alternative diffusion barrier for IVPT.
  • To compare sunscreen permeation through HCS and RHS models.
  • To assess the consistency and sensitivity of different RHS models.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of sunscreen permeation across two human cadaver skin (HCS) models and two reconstructed human skin (RHS) models (EpiDermFT and EpiDerm).
  • Evaluation of intra-batch and inter-batch permeation consistency.
  • Assessment of sensitivity to formulation pH variations.

Main Results:

  • EpiDermFT (RHS with dermal layers) demonstrated consistent intra- and inter-batch permeation results.
  • EpiDermFT showed a similar rank order of cumulative permeation compared to HCS.
  • EpiDerm (RHS without dermal layers) exhibited higher sensitivity to formulation pH changes than HCS.

Conclusions:

  • EpiDermFT shows potential as a reliable alternative to HCS for IVPT, offering comparable permeation data.
  • EpiDerm may serve as a sensitive tool for detecting formulation pH differences in topical products.
  • Further research with diverse formulations and dosage forms is needed to establish the broad applicability of RHS in IVPT.