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Athletes frequently experience shoulder injuries like dislocations and rotator cuff tears due to trauma or overuse. This review details common athletic shoulder injuries, their causes, and imaging characteristics.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The shoulder joint's complexity and mobility make it susceptible to injury in athletes.
  • Contact sports commonly cause acromioclavicular and glenohumeral joint injuries, along with rotator cuff issues.
  • Overuse and repetitive microtrauma are leading causes of rotator cuff and labral pathologies in overhead athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of common athletic shoulder injuries.
  • To describe the mechanisms of injury for various shoulder pathologies in athletes.
  • To outline the characteristic imaging findings associated with these injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiology, injury mechanisms, and imaging findings.
  • Focus on common athletic shoulder injuries including acromioclavicular joint injuries, glenohumeral dislocations, and rotator cuff tears.
  • Inclusion of pediatric epiphyseal and apophyseal injuries, and overuse-related muscular injuries.

Main Results:

  • Acromioclavicular joint sprains/dislocations and glenohumeral dislocations are prevalent in contact sports.
  • Rotator cuff tears and labral pathologies are common in overhead/throwing athletes due to overuse.
  • Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing these diverse shoulder injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the epidemiology and mechanisms of athletic shoulder injuries is vital for prevention and treatment.
  • Characteristic imaging findings aid in the accurate diagnosis of common shoulder derangements in athletes.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing athletic shoulder injuries.