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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

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Continuous-wave narrow-linewidth vacuum ultraviolet laser source.

Qi Xiao1,2, Gleb Penyazkov1, Xiangliang Li2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

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|February 11, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a continuous-wave laser at 148.4 nm for the 229Th nuclear clock. This breakthrough provides an ultranarrow-linewidth VUV laser, enabling coherent nuclear control and advancing quantum applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Laser Spectroscopy

Background:

  • The low-energy isomeric transition in Thorium-229 (229Th) is key for nuclear clock development.
  • Previous research enabled initial spectroscopy but lacked suitable lasers for coherent control.
  • An intense, narrow-linewidth vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser is crucial for manipulating the 229Th nucleus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a continuous-wave (CW) laser source at 148.4 nm with an ultranarrow linewidth.
  • To enable coherent nuclear manipulation for the 229Th nuclear clock.
  • To establish a tunable VUV laser platform for quantum science and spectroscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Generated a CW laser at 148.4 nm using four-wave mixing (FWM) in cadmium vapor.
  • Achieved high power output (>100 nW) and broad wavelength tunability.
  • Employed a spatially resolved homodyne technique to assess phase noise.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a novel CW VUV laser source at 148.4 nm.
  • Achieved a projected linewidth well below 100 Hz, a five-orders-of-magnitude improvement.
  • Confirmed feasibility of sub-hertz VUV linewidths by constraining FWM-induced phase noise.

Conclusions:

  • The developed laser addresses the primary challenge for a 229Th nuclear clock.
  • This ultranarrow-linewidth VUV laser platform has broad potential applications.
  • The technology opens new avenues in quantum information science, condensed-matter physics, and VUV spectroscopy.