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Association between the CHG index and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a nationwide prospective cohort and

Li Liu1, Yanyan Meng2, Lianyi Hu1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|February 12, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose (CHG) index is a strong predictor of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM). An elevated CHG index indicates a higher risk for developing CMM, aiding early detection.

Area of Science:

  • Biomarkers and Public Health
  • Metabolic Disease Research

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) presents a significant public health challenge.
  • Current early detection methods lack practical biomarkers.
  • Lipid and glucose metabolism are intrinsically linked to CMM development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose (CHG) index and the risk of CMM.
  • To evaluate the CHG index as a potential early detection biomarker for CMM.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a nationwide prospective cohort (CHARLS) and a multi-community cross-sectional cohort.
  • Utilized Cox proportional hazards models and logistic regression with restricted cubic splines.
  • Assessed predictive performance using time-dependent and conventional ROC curves.

Main Results:

  • An elevated CHG index was significantly associated with both incident and prevalent CMM.
  • A nonlinear positive association was observed between the CHG index and CMM risk in both cohorts.
  • The CHG index demonstrated stable predictive accuracy over time, validating its utility.

Conclusions:

  • The CHG index is an independent predictor of increased CMM risk.
  • It serves as a robust and reproducible biomarker for early CMM identification in Chinese populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiometabolic diseasescardiometabolic multimorbiditycholesterolglucose indexhigh-density lipoproteinrisk assessment

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