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The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) identified older, high-risk oral surgery patients despite low overall prevalence. Early screening with NRS-2002 can optimize care for vulnerable hospitalized adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Geriatric Medicine

Background:

  • Malnutrition is prevalent in hospitalized patients, especially older adults, impacting outcomes.
  • Early nutritional intervention is crucial for improving patient recovery.
  • The utility of the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) in oral and maxillofacial surgery is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical utility of NRS-2002 in patients admitted to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS).
  • To examine the relationship between nutritional risk and clinical factors like age, BMI, diagnosis, and hospital stay duration.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational study of 548 hospitalized OMFS patients.
  • Nutritional screening was performed at admission using NRS-2002 (score ≥3 indicates risk).
  • Patients at risk were further assessed using Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria.

Main Results:

  • Overall nutritional risk prevalence (NRS-2002 ≥3) was 1.6%, insufficient for robust analysis.
  • High-risk patients were predominantly elderly women with low BMI, severe conditions (e.g., medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, osteomyelitis), and longer hospital stays.
  • These patients were more likely to require oral nutritional supplements.

Conclusions:

  • NRS-2002 effectively identified older, underweight OMFS patients with severe conditions and prolonged hospital stays.
  • Despite low overall prevalence, early nutritional screening with NRS-2002 can aid in optimizing perioperative management for at-risk individuals.