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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
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The dissolution of intimate relationships presents complex emotional and psychological challenges, particularly when emotional bonds are strong, the relationship is long-standing, and perceived alternatives are limited. This distress often intensifies in romantic breakups, where the initiator may experience greater turmoil than the rejected partner. Contributing factors include residual attachment, guilt over causing pain, and uncertainty about how to manage the situation. The stress is further...
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DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
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The Relationship between Diabetes Complications and the Intestinal Microbiota.

Zuzanna Poczta1, Clara Leśniak1, Agnieszka Podeszwa1

  • 1Student Science Association at the Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics, and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49 Street, 60-355, Poznań, Poland.

Current Diabetes Reviews
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Gut microbiota alterations are linked to diabetes and its complications. Further research is needed to clarify the exact role of gut bacteria in diabetes pathogenesis and treatment.

Keywords:
Diabetes mellitusdiabetic complicationsdysbiosisgut microbiotamicrobiomepathomechanism

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence is rising, increasing research into its mechanisms and complications.
  • Gut microbiota alterations are recognized as an environmental factor impacting diabetes onset, progression, and complications.
  • This review synthesizes current evidence on the gut microbiome's role in diabetes and its outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize current evidence on the role of gut microbiota in diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • To explore the association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and the development and progression of DM and its complications.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets within the gut microbiome for managing diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review of English-language articles from PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Focus on original research and reviews published primarily within the last 10 years.
  • Search terms included "diabetes mellitus," "gut microbiota dysbiosis," and related metabolic and complication terms, encompassing both human and animal studies.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation exists between gut microbiota alterations and diabetes and its complications.
  • Dysbiosis, marked by reduced bacterial diversity, is prevalent in type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
  • Gut dysbiosis is linked to immune dysregulation, increased intestinal permeability, insulin resistance, obesity, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and ischemic heart disease.

Conclusions:

  • Gut microbiota alterations may contribute to diabetes pathogenesis and complications, suggesting potential therapeutic avenues.
  • The precise causal relationships between gut bacteria and diabetes require further investigation.
  • Additional human studies are essential to validate findings from animal models and advance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.