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What affects phonological working memory in deaf native signers.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Phonological working memory (pWM) is known to be limited and affected by factors like word length and lexicality in spoken languages.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on auditory-verbal modalities, leaving the modality-specific aspects of pWM less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the properties of phonological working memory (pWM) in a visual-spatial modality: Israeli Sign Language (ISL).
  • To compare the effects of various linguistic factors on pWM in signers versus speakers.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and administered a test battery of four serial recall tasks for ISL to 37 native signers.
  • Tasks included simple lexical signs (short/long path movement), pseudosigns, and compound signs.

Main Results:

  • Signers exhibited similar pWM effects to speakers, including lexicality, phonological markedness, and serial position.
  • Sign length effects were determined by syllable count, not duration or movement.
  • Phonological errors in pseudosigns primarily involved handshape, with marked handshapes producing more errors.

Conclusions:

  • General properties of pWM are shared across spoken and signed languages, indicating modality-free cognitive mechanisms.
  • Similarities suggest phonological information processing is consistent across auditory-verbal and visual-spatial modalities.
  • Modality-related differences in pWM were also observed, warranting further investigation.