Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026
07:40
Manufacturing, Control, and Performance Evaluation of a Gecko-Inspired Soft Robot
Published on: June 10, 2020
16.1K
H2 controller design for a kestrel-inspired ornithopter operating in extreme weather
Saddam Hussain Abbasi1, Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar2, Nouman Abbasi3
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, SS CASE IT, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Plos One
|February 12, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a kestrel-inspired ornithopter with a Gust Mitigation System (GMS) using active covert feathers. The bio-inspired system significantly improves flight stability by reducing gust forces and enabling faster state convergence.
Area of Science:
- Aerospace Engineering
- Robotics
- Bio-inspired Design
Background:
- Ornithopter flight stability is challenged by atmospheric disturbances.
- Kestrel covert feathers offer a model for turbulence mitigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model, control, and evaluate a kestrel-inspired ornithopter with an active Gust Mitigation System (GMS).
- To enhance flight stability in unsteady atmospheric conditions.
Main Methods:
- Developed a reduced-order multibody bond-graph model (BGM) for coupled aero-elastic dynamics.
- Designed an H₂ optimal controller for robust stability and disturbance rejection.
- Simulated performance against a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) under gust loads.
Main Results:
- The H₂-augmented GMS reduced gust-induced forces by up to 32%.
- Achieved faster state convergence within 1.1 seconds.
- Validated model fidelity and control framework through simulation.
Conclusions:
- Presents the first kestrel-inspired ornithopter with a bio-inspired GMS and H₂ optimal control.
- Offers a scalable foundation for adaptive ornithopters in turbulent environments.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:07What is Weather?
20.3K
Overview
20.3K
01:26PD Controller: Design
664
In automotive engineering, car suspension systems often employ Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers to enhance performance. PD controllers are utilized to adjust the damping force in response to road conditions. A controller, acting as an amplifier with a constant gain, demonstrates proportional control, with output directly mirroring input.
Designing a continuous-data controller requires selecting and linking components like adders and integrators, which are fundamental in Proportional,...
Designing a continuous-data controller requires selecting and linking components like adders and integrators, which are fundamental in Proportional,...
664
01:24PI Controller: Design
1.3K
Proportional Integral (PI) controllers are a fundamental component in modern control systems, widely used to enhance performance and mitigate steady-state errors. They are particularly effective in applications such as automatic brightness adjustment on smartphones, where they excel at mitigating steady-state errors for step-function inputs. Unlike PD controllers, which require time-varying errors to function optimally, PI controllers leverage their integral component to address residual...
1.3K
01:30Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration
3.3K
Introduction to Inspiration: The Respiratory System in Action
The respiratory system, an essential network for breathing, comprises the conducting and respiratory zones, each playing a crucial role in the overall process of respiration. Let us explore the detailed mechanism of inspiration, or inhalation, which is the first phase of the respiratory cycle.
Pathway of Air during Inspiration
During inspiration, air enters our body through the nose or mouth and moves through the conducting zone,...
The respiratory system, an essential network for breathing, comprises the conducting and respiratory zones, each playing a crucial role in the overall process of respiration. Let us explore the detailed mechanism of inspiration, or inhalation, which is the first phase of the respiratory cycle.
Pathway of Air during Inspiration
During inspiration, air enters our body through the nose or mouth and moves through the conducting zone,...
3.3K
01:20Hot Weather Concreting
323
Concreting at elevated temperatures accelerates the hydration process, leading to quicker setting but potentially reducing the long-term strength of the concrete structure. Additionally, low air humidity fosters rapid moisture loss from the concrete, resulting in reduced workability, pronounced plastic shrinkage, and a higher likelihood of crazing.
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
323
01:27Cold Weather Concreting
389
When freshly poured concrete is exposed to freezing temperatures before it has set, the water within the concrete can freeze. This expansion disrupts the setting process, delays chemical reactions necessary for hardening, and increases the volume of pores within the hardened concrete, which weakens its overall structure. If the concrete manages to reach an appreciable strength before it freezes, the damage can be somewhat mitigated.
To counteract the negative impacts of cold weather, ensuring...
To counteract the negative impacts of cold weather, ensuring...
389