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Clinical Features and Risk Factors for Chronic Syphilitic Uveitis.

Haarisudhan Sureshkumar1, Amy Song1, Nam V Nguyen2

  • 1Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic syphilitic uveitis is linked to cystoid macular edema (CME) and longer symptom duration. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing long-term inflammation and vision loss in syphilis patients.

Keywords:
Chronic inflammationcystoid macular edemaocular syphilissyphilitic uveitistobacco useuveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Syphilitic uveitis is a serious ocular manifestation of syphilis infection.
  • Chronic inflammation can lead to irreversible vision impairment.
  • Identifying risk factors for chronicity is essential for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features of syphilitic uveitis.
  • To identify risk factors associated with the development of chronic syphilitic uveitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with syphilitic uveitis (2015-2024).
  • Inclusion criteria: age 18+, syphilitic uveitis diagnosis, and ≥3 post-penicillin follow-ups.
  • Chronic uveitis defined as inflammation >3 months or recurring within 3 months post-treatment.

Main Results:

  • Of 54 eligible patients, 20 (37%) developed chronic uveitis.
  • Chronic cases showed longer symptom duration, worse visual acuity, and higher rates of cystoid macular edema (CME) at diagnosis.
  • Multivariate analysis confirmed CME and longer symptom duration as significant predictors of chronic syphilitic uveitis.

Conclusions:

  • Cystoid macular edema (CME) is significantly associated with chronic syphilitic uveitis.
  • Worse visual acuity and prolonged symptom duration increase the risk of chronicity.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are vital to prevent chronic inflammation and preserve vision.