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Linking Individual Motives to the Type of Exercise and Sport Activity: Toward Recommendations for Optimal Activity
Julia Schmid1, Rosa Lavelle-Hill2,3, Gorden Sudeck4,5
1Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Journal of Physical Activity & Health
|February 12, 2026
Summary
Understanding individual motives is key to promoting exercise. Tailored recommendations based on personal motivations and demographics can improve long-term adherence to physical activities.
Area of Science:
- Exercise and Sport Psychology
- Behavioral Science
- Health Promotion
Background:
- Individual motives are crucial for promoting and maintaining exercise and sport behavior.
- Satisfying personal motives is assumed to increase activity adherence.
- This study explores the link between motives and specific exercise types to inform recommendations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how individual motives correlate with different exercise and sport activities.
- To enhance the empirical foundation for personalized exercise recommendations.
- To identify distinct motivational profiles for various physical activities.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey was administered to 20,613 adults.
- Machine learning analyzed associations between 7 motives, sociodemographics, and exercise volume.
- Predictors were examined for 10 categories of exercise and sport activities.
Main Results:
- Social contact, aesthetics, and fitness/health motives, alongside age, sex, and exercise volume, were significant predictors.
- Distinct motivational and sociodemographic combinations were associated with specific activity categories.
- Team sports participation was linked to younger, active males motivated by social contact and competition.
Conclusions:
- Findings support creating evidence-based, tailored recommendations linking activity types to individual motives and characteristics.
- Integrating these recommendations into counseling may boost long-term adherence through personalized motivation.
- Understanding motive-activity congruence is vital for effective exercise promotion.
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