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Related Concept Videos

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

4
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
4
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

2
Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
2
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

4
Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
4
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

3
Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
3
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

2
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
2
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

2
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
2

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
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Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery

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Polymeric Membrane-Based Systems in Transdermal Drug Delivery.

Laura Donato1, Paola Bernardo1

  • 1Institute on Membrane Technology "Enrico Drioli" (National Research Council of Italy), 87036 Rende, Italy.

Polymers
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Controlled drug delivery systems (CDDSs) offer precise therapeutic treatments. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) provide a non-invasive route, enhancing patient compliance and reducing side effects through advanced membrane technologies.

Keywords:
membranespatchespolymerstransdermal drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Membrane Technology
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Controlled drug delivery systems (CDDSs) are crucial for precise and customized disease treatment.
  • Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) offer a non-invasive alternative to oral administration, bypassing gastric issues and first-pass metabolism.
  • Developing effective TDDSs requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating polymer chemistry, materials science, and pharmaceutical sciences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of controlled drug delivery systems.
  • To focus on transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) from a membrane engineering perspective.
  • To discuss materials and strategies for polymeric membrane-based TDDSs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on controlled and transdermal drug delivery systems.
  • Analysis of passive and active transdermal delivery strategies.
  • Discussion of various transdermal membrane-based release systems, including patches, mixed-matrix membranes, and imprinted membranes.

Main Results:

  • TDDSs utilize the skin for non-invasive drug administration, improving patient compliance and avoiding systemic side effects.
  • Polymeric membranes are key components in TDDS formulation, requiring expertise in polymer chemistry and materials science.
  • Both passive and active strategies, along with diverse membrane-based systems, are employed for effective transdermal drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) represent a significant advancement in controlled drug delivery, offering enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
  • Membrane engineering plays a vital role in the design and optimization of TDDSs.
  • The integration of various scientific disciplines is essential for the continued innovation and application of TDDS technology.