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Significance of Displacement Current01:27

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A displacement current is analogous to a real current in Ampère's law, participating in Ampère's law the same way as the usual conduction current. However, it is produced by a changing electric field. Displacement current is defined in terms of a time-varying electric field, and also has an associated displacement current density. By adding a term accounting for displacement current, Maxwell modified the existing Ampère's law, which is now called generalized Ampère's law.
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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
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A Miniature Inductive Encoder for Linear Displacement Measurement.

Wei Xiong1,2, Shouhao Wang1,2, Yajun Ma1,2

  • 1Beijing Institute of Precise Mechanical and Electronic Control Equipment, Beijing 100076, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a miniaturized linear inductive encoder for precise measurements in compact spaces. The novel encoder achieves high accuracy (12.8 μm) and resolution (0.7 μm) with minimal dimensions.

Keywords:
eddy currentinductive encoderlinear displacementplanar coils

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Area of Science:

  • * Electrical Engineering
  • * Mechanical Engineering
  • * Sensor Technology

Background:

  • * Accurate object measurement is crucial in increasingly compact and constrained environments.
  • * Existing linear encoders often face limitations in size and integration within tight mechanisms.
  • * Miniaturization of sensing components is a key challenge in modern engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate and develop a miniaturized linear inductive encoder for precise displacement measurement.
  • * To achieve high accuracy and resolution within a compact form factor.
  • * To enable integration into highly constrained mechanical systems.

Main Methods:

  • * Design of a linear inductive encoder integrating a movable part with conductive plates and a stationary part with coils.
  • * Utilizing a high-frequency alternating current to generate a time-varying magnetic field and eddy currents.
  • * Employing the CORDIC algorithm for displacement calculation from amplitude-modulated signals.

Main Results:

  • * A prototype encoder with dimensions of 20 mm × 10 mm × 1 mm was fabricated using PCB technology.
  • * Achieved a measurement accuracy of 12.8 μm within one pitch and a resolution of 0.7 μm.
  • * Demonstrated stability and accuracy suitable for demanding applications.

Conclusions:

  • * The miniaturized linear inductive encoder is a viable solution for precise measurements in compact settings.
  • * Its small size and high performance make it suitable for integration into constrained mechanisms.
  • * Further development could expand its application in micro-robotics and precision instrumentation.