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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Drug Treatment and In Vivo Imaging of Osteoblast-Osteoclast Interactions in a Medaka Fish Osteoporosis Model
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Drug-Induced Osteoporosis.

Rudolf Wolfgang Gasser1, Roland Kocijan2,3, Afrodite Zendeli3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Certain medications can cause drug-induced osteoporosis, increasing fracture risk. Proactive bone health evaluation and management are crucial when prescribing these drugs long-term, especially for older adults.

Keywords:
androgen-deprivation therapyanticoagulants (heparin, vitamin K antagonists)antidepressantsaromatase inhibitorsdrug-induced osteoporosisglucocorticoidsneurolepticsproton pump inhibitorsthiazolidinedionesthyroxine

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Medications can cause bone loss as an adverse effect, leading to drug-induced osteoporosis.
  • This condition is a significant cause of secondary osteoporosis and elevates fracture risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the skeletal effects of commonly used drugs on bone metabolism, bone mineral density, and fracture outcomes.
  • To highlight drug classes associated with drug-induced osteoporosis and discuss management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of selected commonly used medications.
  • Summary of direct and indirect mechanisms of drug-induced bone loss.
  • Discussion of clinical implications including fracture risk assessment and management.

Main Results:

  • Medications can impair bone remodeling via direct effects on osteoblasts/osteoclasts or indirectly through metabolic disturbances (calcium, vitamin D, hormones).
  • Key drug classes implicated include glucocorticoids, aromatase inhibitors, androgen-deprivation therapy, thyroxine, PPIs, anticoagulants, antidepressants, neuroleptics, and thiazolidinediones.
  • Long-term use, especially in older individuals, necessitates proactive bone health consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Drug-induced osteoporosis is a clinically relevant adverse effect requiring careful management.
  • Proactive assessment including laboratory tests, fracture risk estimation (e.g., FRAX®), and BMD measurement is recommended.
  • Ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake and initiating guideline-based therapy are essential for patients on bone-damaging medications.