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Association Between Self-Reported Dietary Intake Questionnaires and Objective Measures in an Inpatient

Mary Thompson1, Emma J Stinson1, Tomás Cabeza de Baca1

  • 1Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology & Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Self-reported dietary intake questionnaires show weak correlation with actual food consumption. This inaccuracy is particularly notable in females regarding low-fat food intake.

Keywords:
dietary intakefood frequency questionnairessex differences

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition science
  • Dietary assessment
  • Behavioral science

Background:

  • Self-reported dietary intake questionnaires often lack accuracy.
  • Factors like sex, eating behavior, and environment can influence reported intake.
  • Objective measurement is needed to validate self-report methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare self-reported dietary intake with objectively measured ad libitum intake.
  • To assess differences in accuracy by sex and food group composition.
  • To evaluate the reliability of dietary questionnaires in a diverse population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized inpatient data from 279 participants (1999-2023).
  • Participants completed three dietary intake questionnaires with 77 food items across six groups (high-fat, low-fat, high complex carbohydrate, high protein, high simple sugar).
  • Objective intake measured via average percent group intake over three days; analyzed using general linear models with sex interaction.

Main Results:

  • A weak positive correlation (r ≤ 0.25) was observed between objectively measured intake and questionnaire ratings.
  • Significant interactions between low-fat/high-protein and low-fat/high-complex-carbohydrate groups with sex were found, primarily in males.
  • Dietary questionnaires showed minimal association with actual intake, especially for females and low-fat foods.

Conclusions:

  • Self-report dietary questionnaires have limited association with actual dietary intake.
  • Females, particularly concerning low-fat foods, exhibit greater discrepancies between self-reported and objectively measured intake.
  • Further research is needed to improve the accuracy of dietary assessment tools.