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Polymer-induced solid-electrolyte interphase on hard carbon enabling 5C fast-charging practical sodium-ion pouch

Yu Sun1,2, Junjie Du1, Tianze Shi1,2

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Developing a polymer-induced solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) strategy enables fast-charging sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). This breakthrough allows Ah-level SIB pouch cells to achieve charging under 10 minutes, overcoming previous limitations.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Fast charging of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is hindered by parasitic reactions and unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on hard carbon (HC) anodes.
  • Developing stable interfaces is crucial for enhancing SIB performance and longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a universal polymer-induced SEI strategy for enabling fast-charging SIBs.
  • To investigate the role of functionalized polymer coatings in stabilizing the HC-electrolyte interface.

Main Methods:

  • A functionalized polymer molecular layer, polyethylenesulfonyl fluoride (PESF), was coated onto the HC surface (PolyHC) to create a stable SEI.
  • The PESF layer's polar -SO2F group was utilized to induce anion enrichment and tailor fluorine incorporation into the SEI.
  • An Ah-level SIB pouch cell was assembled using a PolyHC anode and a NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode.

Main Results:

  • The PESF coating resulted in a stable, approximately 5.0 nm SEI hybridizing polymer and NaF, minimizing electrolyte decomposition.
  • The polymer skeleton effectively stabilized the inorganic SEI components, ensuring structural integrity during fast charging.
  • The assembled 1.2 Ah pouch cell demonstrated exceptional fast-charging capability (under 10 minutes) and long-term durability.

Conclusions:

  • The polymer-induced SEI strategy offers a universal approach to enhance the fast-charging performance and stability of SIBs.
  • This method provides a novel perspective for interface engineering in hard carbon anodes for advanced energy storage applications.
  • The compatibility with various HCs suggests broad applicability for next-generation sodium-ion battery technologies.