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Does Invasive Mammal Exclusion Restore an Ecosystem Function Mediated by Invertebrates?

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|February 13, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Removing invasive mammals boosts native biodiversity and restores ecosystem functions like decomposition. Ecosanctuaries with mammal removal showed increased litter decomposition, especially when larger invertebrates could access the material.

Keywords:
New Zealandecosanctuarylitter decompositionmammal eradicationmāhoe

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Ecosystem Function Restoration

Background:

  • Invasive mammals threaten biodiversity and ecosystem functions, particularly on islands.
  • Restoration of invertebrate-mediated ecosystem functions after invasive mammal removal is poorly understood.
  • Litter decomposition, pollination, and herbivory are key invertebrate-provided functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if invasive mammal removal restores invertebrate-mediated decomposition.
  • To compare decomposition rates in ecosanctuaries (mammals removed except mice) and non-ecosanctuaries.
  • To investigate the influence of invertebrate communities and vegetation changes on decomposition.

Main Methods:

  • Measured decomposition of native tree litter (Melicytus ramiflorus) using litterbags with different mesh sizes.
  • Compared decomposition rates across paired ecosanctuary and non-ecosanctuary sites in Aotearoa/New Zealand.
  • Analyzed the role of invertebrate communities and vegetation composition.

Main Results:

  • Ecosanctuaries exhibited increased decomposition compared to non-ecosanctuaries, but this varied by litterbag mesh type.
  • Greater decomposition occurred in coarse-mesh bags within ecosanctuaries, suggesting a role for larger invertebrates.
  • Fine-mesh bags showed similar decomposition rates, indicating potential differences in smaller invertebrate contributions or other factors.

Conclusions:

  • Invasive mammal eradication can restore invertebrate-driven ecosystem functions, specifically decomposition.
  • The presence of diverse and abundant detritivore communities in ecosanctuaries likely enhances decomposition.
  • Further research is needed to assess the restoration of other invertebrate-mediated functions like pollination and pest control.