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Myeloid Innate Signaling Pathway Regulation by MALT1 Paracaspase Activity
Published on: January 7, 2019
Extraction, purification, structural elucidation, and immunomodulatory activity of Bletilla striata polysaccharides
Guofeng Pang1, Kai Zhou1, Di Gao1
1College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Introduction:
Bletilla striata is a traditional medicinal plant, and its polysaccharide components have been confirmed to possess immunomodulatory potential. However, most current studies focus on high-molecular-weight polysaccharides, while the immunomodulatory mechanism of low-molecular-weight polysaccharides from this plant remains unclear. This study aimed to isolate and identify a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide (BSP-2) from B. striata tubers, and to explore its immunomodulatory activity as well as the related action mechanism.
Methods:
A neutral polysaccharide (BSP-2) was isolated from B. striata tubers. Its molecular weights were characterized using high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); its monosaccharide composition was determined via component analysis. The immunomodulatory activity of BSP-2 was evaluated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells (by detecting pro-inflammatory mediator production), and its mechanism was investigated through the analysis of relevant protein expressions.
Results:
BSP-2 exhibited the following molecular weight parameters: number-average (3.612 ± 0.13646 kDa), weight-average (4.456 ± 0.18019 kDa), z-average (6.364 ± 0.5518 kDa), and peaked molecular weight (2.808 ± 0.09041 kDa). Component analysis revealed that BSP-2 was dominated by glucose (Glc), with minor proportions of galactose (Gal), arabinose (Ara), and rhamnose (Rha) residues. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, BSP-2 inhibited the production of four pro-inflammatory mediators: IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Mechanistically, the anti-inflammatory effects of BSP-2 were mediated by the regulation of the NF-κβ pathway, which involved the downregulation of proteins including p65, p-p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, COX-2, and iNOS.
Discussion:
These results demonstrate that BSP-2 balances pro-inflammatory responses via the NF-κB pathway, supporting its promising application as a bioactive immunoregulatory component in functional food and dietary supplement development.
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