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Outstanding Multispectral Radiation Shielding and Thermal Protection of Flexible Ultralight Core/Double-Shell Fiber

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Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel flexible fiber composite for advanced radiation protection. This ultralight material offers exceptional shielding against multispectral radiation and effective thermal insulation for demanding environments.

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broadband attenuationcore/shellelectrospinninghierarchical fibrous frameworkhigh‐Z nanomaterials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Radiation Physics

Background:

  • Next-generation protection systems require lightweight, flexible materials for medical, electronic, and aerospace applications.
  • Simultaneously achieving broadband radiation attenuation and thermal protection in ultralight fibrous structures is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a flexible, ultralight core/double-shell fiber composite for multispectral radiation and thermal protection.
  • To investigate the material's shielding capabilities, thermal insulation properties, and mechanical stability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a core/double-shell fiber composite using electrospun graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile (GO/PAN) cores and bismuth/tungsten oxide (Bi/W18O49) shells.
  • Characterization of the composite's density, transmittance (UV, NIR-Vis), X-ray attenuation, thermal conductivity, and heat resistance.
  • Evaluation of mechanical stability through bending tests.

Main Results:

  • The developed Bi/W18O49/GO/PAN composite exhibits an ultralow density (0.40 g cm⁻³).
  • It demonstrates excellent radiation shielding with <1% NIR-Vis transmittance, 0.01% UV transmittance, and 95.46% attenuation of 33 keV X-rays.
  • The material provides significant thermal protection (ΔT = 43.9°C at 80°C), low thermal conductivity (33.5 mW m⁻¹ K⁻¹), and high heat resistance (284°C).
  • The composite maintains structural integrity and stable shielding performance after 3000 bending cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The novel fiber composite offers a promising solution for advanced multispectral radiation and thermal protection.
  • Its ultralight nature, flexibility, and robust performance make it suitable for complex, real-world radiation environments.
  • This work paves the way for developing next-generation protective materials.