Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
07:27

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease

Published on: July 18, 2014

25.2K

Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Secondary Infection in Congenital Dacryocystocele

Yanhong Ren1, Daohuan Kang1, Lu Yuan1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, No.3333, Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310003, China.

Ophthalmology and Therapy
|February 13, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Infants with congenital dacryocystocele (CD) face a high risk of secondary infection, predicted by intranasal cysts, prior lacrimal sac massage, and winter-spring onset. Infection prolongs treatment and increases invasive interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Congenital dacryocystocele (CD) is a rare form of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
  • CD poses a significant risk of severe secondary infection.
  • Risk factors for secondary infection in CD remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify independent risk factors for secondary infection in infants with CD.
  • To assess the impact of secondary infection on treatment duration and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 100 infants (118 eyes) with CD treated between 2017 and 2024.
  • Data collected included demographics, clinical features, and treatment details.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for secondary infection.

Main Results:

  • Secondary infection occurred in 50.85% of affected eyes.
  • Independent risk factors for infection included concomitant intranasal cyst (aOR=5.07), history of lacrimal sac massage (aOR=3.11), and winter-spring onset (aOR=2.97).
  • Infected infants required significantly longer treatment (median 6 days vs. 1 day) and more invasive management.

Conclusions:

  • Concomitant intranasal cysts, prior lacrimal sac massage, and winter-spring onset are significant predictors of secondary infection in CD.
  • Secondary infection complicates CD treatment, leading to prolonged care and increased need for invasive procedures.
  • Accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment protocols are crucial for managing infants with CD to mitigate infection risks.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital dacryocystoceleInfantPrognosisRisk factorsSecondary infection

More Related Videos

Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy09:18

Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Published on: January 12, 2019

10.9K
In Vitro Rearing of Solitary Bees: A Tool for Assessing Larval Risk Factors08:50

In Vitro Rearing of Solitary Bees: A Tool for Assessing Larval Risk Factors

Published on: July 16, 2018

8.7K

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.9K
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
2
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
557
Secondary Active Transport01:55

Secondary Active Transport

One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
138.3K
Secondary Healthcare System01:11

Secondary Healthcare System

Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
2.1K
Predicting Reaction Outcomes02:24

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
11.0K