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Researchers developed a novel copper-modified sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode for aqueous sulfur batteries. This innovation enhances electron transport and structural stability, significantly improving battery performance and longevity.

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aqueous sulfur batteriescopper‐modified sulfurized polyacrylonitriledynamic d‐p orbital hybridizationelectron bridgein situ copperization

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sulfur-based batteries face challenges with slow charge transfer and cathode instability.
  • Lack of efficient electron transport and robust electrode architecture hinders practical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an in situ electron bridge construction strategy for sulfur cathodes.
  • To improve the electronic properties and structural integrity of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) cathodes using a transition metal.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced copper as a transition metal to SPAN for in situ electron bridge construction.
  • Utilized dynamic d-p orbital hybridization to enhance electronic conductivity and structural reinforcement.
  • Fabricated aqueous batteries using the modified CuSPAN cathode, zinc anode, and gel electrolytes.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high reversible capacity of 760 mAh g⁻¹ at 3 C.
  • Demonstrated outstanding cyclic stability with 79.2% capacity retention over 50,000 cycles at 15 C.
  • Developed a flexible pouch cell with a stable operating voltage of 1.2 V and high energy density (950 Wh kg⁻¹).

Conclusions:

  • The in situ electron bridge strategy effectively enhances electron transport and structural stability in sulfur cathodes.
  • The copper-modified SPAN cathode offers superior performance and longevity compared to existing aqueous sulfur batteries.
  • The developed flexible battery technology shows promise for practical, high-performance energy storage applications.